Healthcare Equity And Social Justice on Affordability And Access Essay
Healthcare Equity And Social Justice on Affordability And Access Essay
Global Healthcare Comparison Matrix and Narrative Statement for the United States vs the United Kingdom
Part 1: Global Healthcare Comparison Matrix
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| Global Healthcare Issue |
National Health Insurance |
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| Description | Concerned with healthcare equity and social justice on affordability and access | |
| Country | United States | United Kingdom |
| National healthcare insurance in the US vs the UK | The expense of healthcare in the US is among the highest of any developed nation. Despite having the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, or CMS, it also lacks universal healthcare coverage (UHC) (Holder et al., 2017). Access to healthcare and socioeconomic position are the social determinants of health that influence healthcare status in the US. The Affordable Care Act (ACA 2010) has made an effort to address the disparities in US healthcare. However, about 26 million Americans still lack access to healthcare (Kominski et al., 2017; Donkin et al., 2017; Holder et al., 2017). Healthcare Equity And Social Justice on Affordability And Access Essay | The National Health Service, or NHS, is how the UK differs from the US in terms of UHC (The World Bank, 2022). Taxpayers pay for eighty percent of its budget. Therefore, premiums only make up twenty percent of the total cost, making it very affordable for everyone (Full Fact, 2018). Everyone is equally covered under this program, whether they are employed (have paid taxes) or unemployed (have not) (Holder et al., 2017).
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| The strengths of the healthcare policy | The ACA 2010’s economies of scale are its main competitive advantage. Numbers increase and premiums decrease as a result of the individual mandate, which forces everyone to enrol in coverage and imposes a penalty on those who do not. The incentives provided to private insurers to cover people with previous medical histories are another of the strengths. | The NHS’s strength lies in the reality that it provides care to all the people, regardless of whether they pay taxes. Additionally, because taxes fund eighty percent of it, the premiums are reasonable and this contributes to access equity for all.
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| The weaknesses of the chosen healthcare policy | The Affordable Care Act of 2010’s primary flaw is that it gives the impression of forcing participation by placing a penalty on individuals who choose not to comply with the individual mandate. The extremely poor citizens are accidentally punished by this. | The NHS’s funding source, taxes, is where it falls short. It is conceivable for the program to experience fiscal deficiencies during recessions when jobs are lost in large numbers.
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| How the social determinants of health or SDOH impact the global health issue.
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Social justice in health-related concerns is the third priority on the World Health Organization’s (WHO) global health agenda. The main social determinants of health for healthcare in the US are socioeconomic status and availability of high-quality care. Due to the high expense of healthcare in America, those who are less fortunate are at a significant disadvantage when trying to acquire it (Donkin et al., 2017; Kickbusch, 2011). | In the case of the NHS, socioeconomic status is another SDOH that affects it. With the ACA 2010 in the US, this is different because low-income residents who may not be employed are equally addressed by the same taxes as those who are employed. Healthcare Equity And Social Justice on Affordability And Access Essay
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| How the US and UK governments have dealt with issues related to the price, value, and availability of healthcare insurance
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Through the ACA 2010 provisions, the Obama administration addressed the problems of cost, access, and quality. One illustration is pre-existing condition coverage that facilitated access. The individual mandate’s requirement that everyone be covered has reduced costs. Last but not least, the pay-for-performance strategy has addressed quality (Safran & Higgins, 2019). | Because everyone is covered at eighty percent of the cost, cost is not an issue in the NHS as it is in the US. Because everyone is covered regardless of employment status, access is good. Last but not least, provider certification ensures quality.
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| The effects of healthcare insurance policy on world population health | There is an impact on how pandemics are controlled because there is not global uniformity in healthcare coverage. One example is Covid-19, which spread as a result of some countries’ absence of UHC. | Because some UK residents do not have access to healthcare, there cannot be a pandemic that spreads to the rest of the world. This is thanks to the NHS. Healthcare Equity And Social Justice on Affordability And Access Essay
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| The potential effects of health insurance on nursing roles | The ACA of 2010 mandates that nurses take the lead in patient advocacy by ensuring that value-based care replaces volume-based care as the norm. | The nurse in the UK must be conscious of their advocacy role, particularly when helping undocumented people like immigrants. |
| How local healthcare institutions and policies in the US and the UK are affected by global health issues | Local healthcare organizations are impacted by the ACA 2010 since they must now compensate in accordance with the Act’s pay-for-performance clause.
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Local healthcare organizations are impacted by the NHS in the UK since they are required to offer high-quality services in order to be approved as providers by the program.
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| General Comments | The US continues to rank among the nations where healthcare is most expensive. The ACA of 2010 is the nation’s first move toward equal access to healthcare. Healthcare Equity And Social Justice on Affordability And Access Essay | UHC can learn a lot from the NHS. If the twenty percent was eliminated and the program was entirely funded by taxes, it would reach this position. |
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Part 2: Plan for Social Change
The nurse must take a more active part in ensuring that access, cost, and quality are advantageous to the poor according to the plan for social change in this instance. Legislative advocacy and lobbying may be necessary in this situation. If the nurses engage professional nursing organizations like the American Nurses Association (ANA) for advocacy, the advocacy role might be increased. More healthcare equity is more likely to result from this, which will bring about societal transformation.
The strategy for bringing about social change would include social justice campaigning at workplaces by involving executives who establish policies, using professional nursing groups to lobby legislators for more benevolent healthcare laws, and pursuing state healthcare authorities for collaborations like town hall conversations for health literacy in communities that are underrepresented. Healthcare Equity And Social Justice on Affordability And Access Essay
References
Donkin, A., Goldblatt, P., Allen, J., Nathanson, V. & Marmot, M. (2017). Global action on the social determinants of health. BMJ Global Health, 3(e000603). http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2017-000603
Full Fact (2018, July 06). How is the NHS funded? https://fullfact.org/health/how-nhs-funded/
Holder, J., Torprey, P. & Cage, F. (2017, July 25). How does the US healthcare system compare with other countries? The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/ng-interactive/2017/jul/25/us-healthcare-system-vs-other-countries
Kickbusch, I. (2011). Advancing the global health agenda. UN Chronicle. https://www.un.org/en/chronicle/article/advancing-global-health-agenda
Kominski, G.F., Nonzee, N.J. & Sorensen, A. (2017). The Affordable Care Act’s impacts on access to insurance and health care for low-income populations. Annual Review of Public Health, 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-publhealth-031816-044555
Safran, D.G. & Higgins, A. (2019). Getting to the next generation of performance measures for value-based payment. Health Affairs. https://doi.org/10.1377/hblog20190128.477681
The World Bank (2022, October 06). Universal Health Coverage. Healthcare Equity And Social Justice on Affordability And Access Essay